【耿春紅 劉玉敏一包養】《年齡繁露·必仁且智》篇聰明觀解讀

Abstract

Dong Zhongshu made a special chapter on “The Years and the Blessings of the Years and the Blessings”, which is the “must benevolence and wisdom”. The article discusses wisdom in three parts from three aspects, namely the main nature of wisdom and its incompetence or lack in selection and employment, what kind of benevolence and wisdom. Dong Zhongshu believed that benevolence refers to the mental and emotional state. We must control the mental and emotional state so that behavior and results will not be misleading; wisdom refers to the organic unity of the three principles of thinking, justice of judgment and appropriateness of behavior, and the unity of inspiration and reality. Ren, similar to modern mental studies, is closely related to acquired cultivation; wisdom, is similar to modern mental studies, is related to sentiment. Dong Zhongshu’s “must be kind and wise” cleverness: both inheritance, innovation, and beyond consciousness; it is the wisdom that talents must be prepared, the virtue and quality that cannot be lacked in doing things and living in peace and prosperity; it inherits the ethical and moral character of the wisdom of the ancestors of Confucianism, and his position is higher than that of modern people. Dong Zhongshu’s cleverness still has many insights to modern people.

Keywords: Dong Zhongshu; “Age of a Broad, Benevolence and Wisdom”; Smart

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-2065.2021.02.019

Fund Item: Hebei Province Social Science Development Research and Development Course Topic (20200402019); Hebei Provincial Education and Guiding Hall Humanities and Social Sciences Research and Research Project (ZD202125); National Social Sciences Fund Project (19BZX051)

China’s pre-investment firstBaozhuang.com During the Qin Dynasty, we began to explore wisdom, especially the Confucian predecessors who valued peace and faced their real life, and gave generations of understanding and exploration of wisdom, which were reflected in classic works. Reading these works can enable future generations to appreciate the beautiful language of language and the exploration of wisdom, while also learning the wisdom of ancestors and providing precious experience for future generations to a more intelligent life.

Read “The Speak of the Book”, we read: “The wise are not confused, the benevolent are not worried, and the brave are not worried.” [1Baoqiang.com] (“The Speak of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book of the Book After reading Mencius, we read: “If you don’t learn, you are wise; if you don’t have to teach, you are benevolence. Benevolence and wisdom are the Master.” (Mencius·Prince of Gongsun Chou”) [2] The unity of “benevolence” and “wisdom” is a saint. The literal change expresses Mencius’s exploration of wisdom and development. Mencius also proposed the fate of “the heart of shortness is the end of wisdom”, that is, the heart of right and wrong is the budding of wisdom. Because Mencius emphasized that “everyone can be a shrine”, he believed that ordinary people can also “learn to become sanctified through the intensive knowledge and the grinding of wisdom”, and their wisdom won the same thing for everyone. This is Mencius’ contribution to the wise statement. Xunzi was a Confucian scholar who followed Confucius and Mencius. He conducted a specific analysis of the level and classification of knowledge with interest and cognition, and proposed a series of cognition, reasoning and proof periods such as knowledge, agreement, and experience. He explained that “seeking wisdom” is a process of proof development, and thus gaining wiseness for people.Suggest the way and method. He believed that “the nature of human beings to recognize things” is “knowledge”. Human understanding is consistent with the external world and reaching the mastery of the principles of things is “wisdom”. It can be seen that “wisdom” is the result of the differentiation of knowledge, and this explanation is the innovation of Xunzi’s argument for wisdom. In addition, Xunzi also distinguishes the understanding of rationality and sensibility through the two stages of human perception and the knowledge of mind, and then further develops a clear way to understand and open up the path of knowledge [3].

We read the pre-Qin classics and felt that Confucianism’s exploration and depth of wisdom was infected. However, the Confucians of the pre-Qin Dynasty did not use the two words “心是” together, but mostly used the words “心是”, such as knowledge, wisdom, and wisdom. It was not until the Confucians of the Han Dynasty that in his “New Book” reminded the basic idea of ​​the Confucians of the pre-Qin Dynasty: “I know the wisdom of blessings, but I am against wisdom and foolishness; I am extremely observing and observing Wisdom means that wisdom is a child. “[4] means that wisdom means that it is a clear understanding of the distinction between problems, a clear understanding of the essence of matters, a wise understanding and sensibility that emphasizes social, personnel and behavioral trends, and is related to knowledge and sensibility, and has a strong humanistic color, and is contrary to stupidity and childlike metropolis.

It was precisely because later generations had discussed the wisdom of their wisdom that Dong Zhongshu in the Han Dynasty, and as a philosopher, he made a special chapter in his “Age of Breeding and Dew” to say wisdom, which is the “must benevolence and wisdom”. Dong Zhongshu is also the first person to speak more intelligently in Chinese history as a systematic theory. The article “must benevolence and wisdom” is divided into three paragraphs, with the whole text of about four or five hundred words; it mainly focuses on reasoning, and at the same time adopts the definition method of the image. The whole article is full of the characteristics of being refreshing, simple and detailed. Dong Zhongshu’s cleverness not only inherited the cleverness that was created since Confucius, that is, knowledge is combined with ethics, cleverness and morality, but also has its own innovation and beyond consciousness. The above is explained in detail by reading the text.

The first paragraph, the main nature of cleverness and its incompetence or lack in the selection and employment of talents. For a person, there is nothing more important than benevolence and wisdom, that is, “nothing is close to benevolence and no rush to wisdom.” Benevolence means benevolence, wisdom means wisdom. The former emphasizes emotional talent, and the latter emphasizes emotional talent on the other hand. The combination of the two means wisdom; then point out that “unbenevolence and unwise have talents” and “is suitable for the most evil, but even the evil”, which means that people without benevolence and talent will use their talents to help them grow evil and unrighteous thinking and help them with evil and strange behavior. Here, he emphasized the moral characteristics of wisdom,